Cable Sag Calculator
The SkyCiv Cable Sag Calculator (or Cable Deflection Calculator) helps you to determine the prestress forces required to reach a certain cable sag given a particular cable setup. This calculator uses SkyCiv's powerful FEA technology to iteratively work through different prestress forces to determine the required force for a particular sag or cable deflection.
Final cable sag and required pretension is calculated on the following inputs:
- Cable Length (Μ)
- Διάμετρος καλωδίου (χιλ)
- Target Cable Sag (χιλ) - the desired cable sag you are iterating for
- Ιδιότητες υλικού - such as density of the steel and Young's Modulus
- Iteration Settings - decimal places or accuracy when iterating to solve
The below cable sag calculations are based on iterating between different prestress loads to calculate the desired cable sag.
A Guide on Cable Deflection or Cable Sag
What is Cable Sag?
Cable sag is the amount of deflection a cable experiences under it's self weight and any prestress loads in the cable. The weight of the cable will cause a vertical sag:
Ωστόσο, this sag can be offset by introducing a tension force in the cable, also known as a prestress load:
Cable Sag Equation
The above calculator will iterate between increasing/decreasing the amount of prestress in the cable to try and calculate the Target Cable Sag. The calculator uses SkyCiv's FEA solver to accurately calculate these values for a more accurate design. Ωστόσο, simple calculations can also be made to calculate the deflection of a cable using a simple cable deflection equations:
Sag = (β * (L/2)²) / (2 * Τ)
όπου;
w = weight of cable in N/m
L = Length of Cable
T = Applied tension force on cable
Example of how to calculate the sag in a cable
Ερ: Consider we have a cable of length L=10m, suspended between two supports at the same height. The cable has a uniform weight 𝑤 =0.154 kg/m, and it is prestressed with a horizontal tension 𝑇 = 500N.
1. Determine the weight per unit length in Newtons:
Weight per unit length: 0.154 kg/m * 9.81 m/s² = 1.54 N/m
2. Use the parabolic approximation for sag:
The sag (και) at the midpoint of the span (x = L/2) μπορεί να υπολογιστεί χρησιμοποιώντας τον τύπο:
y = (β * (L/2)²) / (2 * Τ)
y =(1.54 N/m * (5Μ)²) / (2 * 500 Ν)
y ≈ 0.0385 m = 38.5mm
Comparing FEA Cable Sag Calculations to Cable Sag Formula
Comparing to the result of our calculator, using the same input, we can see we get to a similar result. In the calculator, a 342N force resulted in a net sag of 38.2mm, however in the simplified formula we get a 500N force to achieve a similar 38.5mm sag. The above cable deflection calculator uses Finite Element Analysis to calculate the result, which is much more accurate as it performs a non-linear analysis rather than relying on simplified empirical formula like the above example.
The results are clearly similar and within a reasonable range, but it is highly recommended to use a more advanced tool in the case of structural design.
Why do we need to calculate the sag in a cable?
Cable sag is an important part of the design and installation of any cable system. For design, it's important to ensure clearance and manage the load on supporting structures. Για παράδειγμα, in power lines, an engineer may need to make sure there is enough clearance from the ground for safety reasons. Επιπροσθέτως, they will also need to know how much additional load this will apply to the pole.
Other cases include bridges (particularly suspended bridges) and catenary systems in railway structures - where the overhead wire system will need to be supported at a given sag.
The sag of a cable is also necessary during the installation stage. It is important for the installer to know the correct amount of tension that needs to be applied to a cable to get a given sag. This will also need to account for environmental factors such as temperature changes, wind loads that might cause effects on the supporting structure and hence cable, and any ice loads that might apply to the cable.
Άλλοι αριθμομηχανές
Σχετικά με το SkyCiv
Εκτός από αυτή την αριθμομηχανή τάνυσης καλωδίου, η SkyCiv προσφέρει μια ευρεία γκάμα Λογισμικό δομικής ανάλυσης και σχεδίασης Cloud για μηχανικούς. Ως μια συνεχώς εξελισσόμενη εταιρεία τεχνολογίας, δεσμευόμαστε να καινοτομούμε και να προκαλούμε υπάρχουσες ροές εργασίας για να εξοικονομήσουμε χρόνο στους μηχανικούς στις διαδικασίες εργασίας και τα σχέδιά τους.
Συχνές ερωτήσεις?
Τι γίνεται αν χρειαστεί να υπολογίσω πιο σύνθετα καλωδιακά συστήματα?
Το SkyCiv διαθέτει ένα λογισμικό δομικής ανάλυσης με πλήρη χαρακτηριστικά που ονομάζεται SkyCiv Structural 3D, που υποστηρίζει την ανάλυση καλωδίων αλυσοειδών. Πρόκειται για δομικά στοιχεία που είναι μη γραμμικά και εφελκυσμένα μόνο με μεγάλες μετατοπίσεις. Έχουν μηδενική ικανότητα για δυνάμεις κάμψης ή διάτμησης, αλλά ικανό να μεταφέρει φορτίο υπό τάση.
Μπορείτε να μοντελοποιήσετε και να λύσετε σχεδόν οποιοδήποτε σύστημα καλωδίων σε 3D, καθώς εκτελούμε ένα πλήρες FEA στο σύστημα, ενώ αυτή η αριθμομηχανή εκτελεί περισσότερο μια απλή ανάλυση περιπτώσεων. Ακολουθεί ένα παράδειγμα δομής καλωδίου στο SkyCiv Structural 3D. Μάθετε περισσότερα στο Καλώδια σε SkyCiv Structural 3D.